The Mathamnaya Upanishad

 The Mathamnaya Upanishad



The Mathamnaya Upanishad is a short Sanskrit text attributed to Adi Shankaracharya. It outlines the amnayas (traditions or “revelation receptacles”) linked to the monastic institutions (mathas) associated with him, along with their key features. It is closely related to the longer Mathamnaya Setu, a charter or set of commandments traditionally ascribed to Shankaracharya for the governance, succession, territories, and practices of the four primary mathas he is said to have established. 

The Upanishad itself is brief and focuses on listing the amnayas with their associated details; versions appear in collections of unpublished or minor Upanishads (the 1933 edition edited by C. Kunhan Raja).

The text begins with an invocation to the guru and a standard salutation:

Akhândamam alâkârah vyâptah yena carâcaram |

Tatpadah darsitah yena tasmai srîgurave nama||

It then enumerates seven amnayas (the primary four corresponding to the cardinal directions, plus higher or internal ones). Each section typically includes the matha, sampradâya (sect/tradition), titles (pada) for sannyasis, kcetra (sacred place), deity and goddess, first âcârya, sacred tîrtha, brahmacârî designation, associated Veda, mahâvâkya (great saying), and a resolve for sannyâsa (renunciation) after discrimination between the eternal and non-eternal, culminating in Om namo Nârâyanâya. The fundamental teaching can be expressed as “Brahman is the ultimate reality; Atman is not separate from Brahman”.

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