Criminal Backgrounds in Bihar Assembly Elections 2025

Criminal Backgrounds in Bihar Assembly Elections 2025

The Bihar Legislative Assembly elections 2025 are being held in five phases from October 28 to November 20, with results on November 23. Candidates are required to submit affidavits to the Election Commission of India (ECI) disclosing criminal cases, assets, and other details. As of October 21, 2025, comprehensive phase-wise analyses by the Association for Democratic Reforms (ADR) on the criminal backgrounds of contesting candidates do not appear to be publicly released yet, unlike their report on the outgoing (2020-elected) MLAs, where 66% (158 out of 241) have declared pending criminal cases, including 49% (119) with serious charges such as murder, attempted murder, or crimes against women. Serious cases include offenses punishable by five or more years in prison.

For the 2025 candidates, data is scattered across news reports based on individual affidavits. Prominent parties like RJD, BJP, and JD (U) have fielded several candidates with declared criminal records. For instance, the BJP has claimed that a majority of the RJD's 143 candidates face criminal charges, with some out on bail or facing impending sentences. Below is a compilation of notable candidates with declared criminal cases, drawn from their affidavits as reported in media sources. This is not exhaustive, as full affidavits for all 3,000+ candidates (across 243 seats) are available via the ECI's "Know Your Candidate" tool, but aggregate statistics are pending.

Prominent Candidates with Declared Criminal Cases

Candidate Name

Party

Constituency

Number of Criminal Cases

Notes on Serious Charges

Anant Kumar Singh

JD(U)

Mokama

28

Includes charges under UAPA; acquitted in some by Patna High Court.

Tejashwi Yadav

RJD

Raghopur

18 (4 under appeal)

Pending cases; no specific serious charges detailed in reports.

Tej Pratap Yadav

Janshakti Janata Dal (formerly RJD)

Mahua

8

Pending cases; no specific serious charges detailed.

Samrat Choudhary

BJP

Tarapur

2

Pending cases; Deputy CM of Bihar.

Amrendra Kumar Pandey

JD(U)

Kuchaikote

11

Pending cases; no specific serious charges detailed.

Additional Insights and Claims

  • Party-Wise Trends: News reports indicate that major alliances (NDA and INDIA bloc) have fielded "crime-tainted" candidates, including bahubalis (strongmen) like Anant Singh (JD(U)) and Osama Shahab (RJD, son of late gangster Shahabuddin). An ADR analysis referenced in some media suggests a deep-rooted nexus between crime and politics, but detailed party breakdowns for 2025 are not yet available.
  • Comparison to Past Elections: In the 2020 Bihar elections, around 31-34% of candidates in early phases declared criminal cases, with 23-34% facing serious ones. Similar patterns may hold for 2025, but updated data is expected post-nominations (last phase nominations close around October 28).
  • Access to Full Data: Voters can check individual candidate affidavits via the ECI website or MyNeta.info (ADR's portal). For real-time updates, monitor ADR releases, as they typically provide phase-wise reports closer to polling dates.

This information is based on self-declared affidavits and may evolve with court outcomes or new filings. The presence of criminal cases does not imply guilt, as many are pending trials.


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