Conflict between Ambedakar and Gandhi on Dalit's Right

 Ambedkar had no faith in the Gandhian idea of a ‘Change of heart” among caste Hindus, and indeed nether Gandhi nor the congress approved of these nonviolent efforts to adapt the Gandhian methods to their needs. He saw the Satyagrahas however, as necessary efforts to unify the untouchables and make them conscious of their lack of rights. 

The second event was Ambedkar’s open class with Gandhi during the second round table conference (1931) on the issue of reservations or separate electorates for the untouchables. Gandhiji had claims to the leadership of the untouchables, which Ambedkar opposed. No unanimous agreement was possible; no agreed formula could be evolved as regards the representation. And the Second Round Table Conference ended without any decision. Gandhiji on return to India had to face a severe crisis. Mass arrests were made and repression followed. Gandhiji was also arrested. 

In August 1932, Ramsay MacDonald published his “Communal Award” giving separate electorate to the untouchables. As it would have disrupted Hindu society, Gandhiji opposed it, and launched a fast unto death to get it changed. Though Ambedkar was admant on separate electorates for untouchables, he accepted joint electorate with reservation of seats at the intervention of Sapru, Jayakar, Malaviya and others. On 24th September 1932, Ambedkar signed with Gandhiji the famous Poona pact, giving up separate electronic granted to the depressed castes by the Communal Award and accepting instead representation through joint electorates.

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